Paradox response of cornea to different color intensities of visible light: An experimental study.

Sherif S Mahmoud,Ibrahim H Ibrahim,Abdel Sattar M Sallam,Wafaa A Gareeb,Sanjoy Bhattacharya

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196827

Sherif S Mahmoud, Ibrahim H Ibrahim + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196827

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Abstract

The technological development is associated with human daily life and had an impact on its social life. Due to the difficulty of estimating the daily exposure to light; research is needed to determine how much natural and man-made lights could affect the cornea. Visible light radiation could have damaging effect on the human eye; the type and degree of damage are related to the duration and the cumulative exposure as well as to the intensity of the rays. There are noticeable increases in using electronic devices and colored lamps in decoration and toys as well, without any specific regulation. We studied the effect of such human activity on the corneal structure and the vibrational characteristics of corneal tissue by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To achieve these goals, Chinchilla rabbits were exposed to two different lux of blue, green or red color lamps. The results indicate that the corneal tissue responds non-specifically to each lux and accordingly the color. The detected changes are including corneal protein secondary structure as well as lipids, in particular phospholipids. This was concomitant with more ordered membrane bilayer and changes in the corneal membrane phase organization. No lux/color-response relationship was established.

Highlights

Human is constantly exposed to a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum where the eye and skin are the primarily target organs [1]
Light is essential for maintaining the circadian rhythm [2] and recently light therapy is included for the treatment of seasonal affective disorder [3]
The pattern associated with the high lux of the green light has the same characteristics as that associated with red-L and red-H; and were characterized by restricted NH stretching vibrational modes as well as the strOH one

Summary

Introduction

Human is constantly exposed to a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum where the eye and skin are the primarily target organs [1]. Light is essential for maintaining the circadian rhythm [2] and recently light therapy is included for the treatment of seasonal affective disorder [3]. Despite of the risk of exposure to visible light, but without it has its risk. Phototoxicity of different visible light segments is well known [4,5], and it focuses on the retina with minor attention to the cornea. With the technological evolution, which includes devices such as smart phones and tablets, human life has become closely linked with this technology and, since it is difficult to quantify

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