Abstract
A nonlinear beam splitter is shown to be an interesting object of investigation for the following reasons. First, the classical and quantum theories of its description give directly opposite behaviors of the phase fluctuations: according to the classical theory, the phase is unchanged; according to the quantum theory, the phase fluctuations increase or decrease, depending on the suppression or growth of amplitude fluctuations. The fundamental cause of these differences has been established. Second, the quantum fluctuations of the input mode can be separated into the amplitude and phase ones, so that the predominantly phase fluctuations are directed into one output mode, say, the reflected one, while the amplitude fluctuations are directed into the other (transmitted) mode.
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