Para-implant residual cyst: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Residual Cyst (RC) is an odontogenic inflammatory pathology that appears at the site of a previous odontogenic inflammatory lesion. In this report, we present a 65-year-old male, with a history of pulpal pathology in tooth 2.5, which was extracted and treated with dental implants. He currently refers pain in the upper left maxilla with great peri-implant probing depth and marginal bone loss. During the surgical procedure, a para-implant lesion was discovered and sent for analysis. This corresponded to an odontogenic cyst without inflammation and a non-keratinized polystratified epithelial lining, with positive expression for CK14 and CK19. Final diagnosis was para-implant residual cyst. To date, five para-implant residual cysts have been described. These cystic lesions appear as an irregular radiolucency with marginal bone loss. In most cases, the implant remains stable after cyst removal. It is key to perform a good clinical history and radiological examination in patients with dental implants, as well as an active monitoring, in order to reach an early diagnosis of the peri-implant disorders.