Abstract
Resumo Compromissos éticos em estudos envolvendo seres humanos têm sido considerados há poucas décadas. No entanto, preocupações a que comumente se restringem os pesquisadores são entendidas como típicas de ética denominada formal (e.g. anonimato, consentimento informado e ausência de fraudes). Neste artigo, enquanto defendemos que esse tipo de ética, também denominada burocrática, precisa ser superada, compartilhamos e ilustramos um exemplo materializado de ética defendida na pesquisa em humanas, nomeadamente, ética emancipatória. Esse exemplo é fornecido pela tese doutoral da primeira autora, sob orientação da segunda, e apresentado com considerações de ordens epistemológicas, ontológicas, metodológicas e éticas do início do processo investigativo ao seu final. Princípios da pesquisa emancipatória (CAMERON et al ., 1992), do cuidado com o outro (NODDINGS, 1984) e, ainda, considerações éticas e metodológicas de Denzin (1997) e Christians (2006) para pesquisas sociais e humanas fundamentam este texto. Em suma, este artigo visa demonstrar formas de distribuição de poder e incorporação das vozes dos participantes em prática de pesquisa.
Highlights
We begin this article by arguing that ethics should govern any and all human relationships, in view of its relevance to keeping respect, morality, integrity, and justice in the relationships we establish socially
Research practices must cater to ethical consideration
In this paper we want to illustrate forms of sharing power with participants and incorporating their voices in research practice. This way, for comprehension of the feasibility of research vested with emancipatory ethics principles, we report on research procedures of the research in focus
Summary
We begin this article by arguing that ethics should govern any and all human relationships, in view of its relevance to keeping respect, morality, integrity, and justice in the relationships we establish socially. The Research Ethics Committees examine and issue reviews in regard to research projects involving human subjects, which can be submitted by any individual with, at least, an undergraduate degree This resolution “[...] incorporates, from the point of view of the individual and of the collectivities, references from bioethics, such as autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice and equity, among others [...]” (BRASIL, 2012, our translation). We describe some of the trajectories of Chimentão (2016)’s research as a way of illustrating how such principles translate into procedures that constitute an emancipatory method of generating data and returning the analyses to the participants16 We understand these methodological procedures as opportunities for the other to emancipate themselves, since they allowed the participants to become actors, to exercise powers and to benefit from this exercise during and after the investigative process. It is the ethical commitment that enables participants to express their responses in terms of agreement, refusal, clarification and/or suggestions of adjustments of the interpretations
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