Papillomacular retinoschisis associated with glaucoma

Abstract

Peripapillary and macular retinoschisis is one of the rare manifestations of advanced glaucoma of different types. The article presents a case report and a mini-review. Peripapillary and macular retinoschisis with visual deterioration was diagnosed in a patient with advanced decompensated open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Surgical treatment of glaucoma led to intraocular pressure normalization, gradual regress of retinoschisis and improvement of visual functions. The retinal structure fully restored 1.5 years after the operation. The observation period was 3 years, retinoschisis did not recur. The article discusses the pathogenesis and potential algorithm for the treatment of the disease. Risk factors for the development of retinoschisis include high intraocular pressure, significant visual field defects and a wide range of diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuations. The source of the intra-retinal fluid is the vitreous body. Management of the patient consists of medical, laser and surgical normalization of intraocular pressure and regular monitoring. In case of persisting retinoschisis, patient undergoes vitreoretinal surgery or barrier laser coagulation. Retinal structure recovers gradually after the intervention and takes on average 1 year.