Paper on Smart Irrigation

Abstract

Agriculture holds immense significance in India as it is the main source of livelihood for a majority of the population. Over the past few decades, farming has undergone significant technological advancements, becoming more industrialized and technology-driven. Smart agriculture gadgets have empowered farmers to have better control over livestock rearing and crop cultivation, enhancing predictability and efficiency. Technology plays a crucial role in the development of this agricultural nation, and water is a vital resource for farming. While water irrigation is a common method to supply water to farms, it can sometimes lead to wastage. The conventional water irrigation system faces challenges due to water scarcity caused by population growth and climate changes. The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a new approach to modernize agriculture. By leveraging automation, IoT can optimize various farming processes and reduce the need for human intervention, making agriculture more efficient. Therefore, a novel method called "automation of water irrigation system using IoT" is proposed to conserve water and save time. This approach involves the use of sensors such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture sensors to measure different soil parameters. Based on the soil moisture value, the motor controlling the water flow will automatically switch on or off. The status of the motor and the sensed parameters will be displayed on a mobile device. By monitoring and collecting data on soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and sunlight intensity across multiple fields, water usage efficiency and crop yield can be improved for both large and small farms. Additionally, when the soil in agricultural land becomes dry, this method triggers the automatic flow of water for irrigation. Sensors are deployed on farms to monitor crop status, taking into account climate changes and factors like light, humidity, temperature, shape, and size. If any deviations are detected by the sensors, the crop status will be displayed on the farmer's smartphone.