Abstract
Paper bacterial battery (PBB) is a sustainable source of bioenergy derivate from bacterial activities, paper bacterial battery or microbial fuel cell has unique features like biodegradable, cost- affordable, energy- effectiveness, and environmental sounds beside of complete control by produced energy by increasing the number of folds and can made it in shapes and sizes appropriate for all use and type of devices, which is characterized by high flexibility and wide uses. The current study described in detail the fabrication steps of a simply biodegradable paper battery that mainly composed of a substrate of cellulose, Poly (amic) acid (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as reducing and stabilizing agent, immobilization matrix, for bacterial cells stability, this degradable network provides oxygen-blocking and proton exchange membrane (PEM). The fabricated bacterial battery gave power of 3.5 µW/cm2 and a current quantity of 127 µA/cm2, this generated power can be enhancement by more folding or compacting of the fabricated paper-polymer unit. Â
Highlights
Energy production and waste administration are two important requests for sustainable societies
Among all the electronic waste, energy storage devices still the most important because of their toxic metals and high reactivity [8], nonbiodegradable lithium-ion batteries, and super capacitors are considered as the hopeful batteries for flexible and transportable devices because of their high effectiveness, lightweight, density, and ability to be linked into different substrates, but their toxic inorganic substances that cause environmental destruction and real treatments are required before disposal and landing, it has prompted serious thinking for more environmentally friendly alternatives to energy harvesting technologies such as solar cells, biodegradable batteries and nanogenerators [7,8,9]
Esquivel etal designed a single-use biodegradable battery can be disposed to the soil without further treatment, this could be the beginning of a new age of green electronics [4]
Summary
Energy production and waste administration are two important requests for sustainable societies. Paper Bacterial Battery (PBB) is completely built from biodegradable material have flexibility, with ultra-thin design fabricated by combining carbon nanotubes with a classical layer of cellulose-based paper, to obtain unusually thin, and safe uses, enabling integration into a wide range of products [3,4,5,6]. Their uses is alike to traditional chemical batteries with the sufficient differences that they are non-corrosive and don’t need large housing [7]. The current substrate provide minimum oxygen permeation and boost proton- transferring efficiency, by engineered arrangement of these mixed substrates that have high biodegradation in aqueous media of this biobattery
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