Abstract
Papaya is one of the fruit crops that is grown both commercially as well as a backyard crop. Papaya was mainly a backyard crop till recently. Systematic cultivation of new gynodioecious and dioecious varieties coupled with adoption of improved agro-techniques have resulted in increasing the yield of papaya, which was quite low (13 to 26 t/acre) during the 70s. Papaya breeding in India was started during the 50s. Papaya breeding in India can be broadly classified into three phases. Work carried out at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Pusa, Pantnagar, Pune and at Bangalore has resulted in the development of new varieties suitable for papain extraction and for table purpose. Information on the inheritance pattern has helped in identifying the parents as gene donors for several characters. In recent times the breeding is being carried out with the objective of developing lines resistant to 'PRSV'.
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