Abstract
Pantoea is a plant pathogen infrequently reported to cause opportunistic bloodstream infections. This gram-negative bacillus is a rare cause of hospital-acquired infections in newborn infants with high mortality. Since the creation of the new genus Pantoea in 1989, the evidence base available to neonatal health care providers is limited. Most of the available literature consists of case reports and case series. This review aims to consolidate the current reported literature on Pantoea infections, focusing on newborn infants and the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Prematurity and the associated relative immunocompromised state are major risk factors for hospital-acquired infections due to Pantoea in newborn infants. Recent advances in molecular biology have improved our understanding of the cross-kingdom pathogenesis exhibited by Pantoea. Respiratory symptoms and association with central venous lines are the most common clinical presentation of Pantoea bacteremia in newborn infants. Early institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy against this organism could be lifesaving. Therefore, it is critical for neonatologists to understand the clinical spectrum of Pantoea infections in NICUs.
Highlights
IntroductionA plant pathogen, is a rare cause of human infections [1]
BackgroundPantoea, a plant pathogen, is a rare cause of human infections [1]
Various sites and organs can be affected by Pantoea, causing wound infections, synovitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, bloodstream infections, peritonitis, cholelithiasis, endophthalmitis, endocarditis, dacryocystitis, urinary tract infection, meningitis, brain abscess, and respiratory tract infections
Summary
A plant pathogen, is a rare cause of human infections [1]. Pantoea genus was previously included in the Enterobacter genus. This gram-negative bacillus had been reported to cause opportunistic bloodstream infections in neonatal ICUs [2]. Various sites and organs can be affected by Pantoea, causing wound infections, synovitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, bloodstream infections, peritonitis, cholelithiasis, endophthalmitis, endocarditis, dacryocystitis, urinary tract infection, meningitis, brain abscess, and respiratory tract infections. They can cause allergy and hypersensitivity pneumonitis [3]. Especially newborn infants, the infections have a predilection for the respiratory tract, resulting in respiratory failure causing high mortality [4,5]
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