Panretinal photocoagulation during cataract extraction in eyes with active proliferative diabetic eye disease.

Abstract

Cataract surgery in the presence of active proliferative diabetic eye disease carries a high risk of progression of retinopathy and neovascular glaucoma. Lens opacities may prevent panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) before surgery, and applying PRP in the immediate post-operative period can be difficult. The purpose of this study is to report results of cataract extraction combined with per-operative indirect laser PRP in a group of these patients. Nine eyes of 9 diabetic patients with active retinal or iris neovascularisation in which lens opacities prevented adequate pre-operative PRP underwent cataract surgery combined with indirect laser PRP after cortex aspiration and before intraocular lens implantation. Regression of neovascularisation with this combined procedure alone was achieved in 5 eyes, 3 responded to further PRP, and 1 developed neovascular glaucoma. Visual acuity improved in all eyes, 4 achieving > or = 6/12. Four patients developed increased post-operative uveitis. One developed clinically significant macular oedema. The method described has definite practical advantages over PRP attempted in the immediate post-operative period, when many factors can prevent its application or reduce its effectiveness, and when neovascularisation may be progressing rapidly. In addition, adjunctive per-operative indirect laser PRP appears to improve the outcome of cataract surgery in eyes with active proliferative diabetic eye disease.