Abstract
Low-lying coastal zones are home to around 10% of the world’s population and to many megacities. Coastal zones are largely vulnerable to the dynamics of natural and human-induced changes. Accurate large-scale measurements of key parameters, such as bathymetry, are needed to understand and predict coastal changes. However, nearly 50% of the world’s coastal waters remain unsurveyed and for a large number of coastal areas of interest, bathymetric information is unavailable or is often decades old. This lack of information is due to the high costs in time, money and safety involved in collecting these data using conventional echo sounder on ships or LiDAR on aircrafts. Europe is no exception, as European seas are not adequately surveyed according to the International Hydrographic Organisation. Bathymetry influences ocean waves and currents, thereby shaping sediment transport which may alter coastal morphology over time. This paper discusses state-of-the-art coastal bathymetry retrieval methods and data, user requirements and key drivers for many maritime sectors in Europe, including advances in Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB). By leveraging satellite constellations, cloud services and by combining complementary methods, SDB appears as an effective emerging tool with the best compromise in time, coverage and investment to map coastal bathymetry and its temporal evolution.
Highlights
Coastal zones are at the interface between land and ocean and represent a tremendous social, economic and biological value
An improved monitoring of the coastal topography and bathymetry was included in this coastal roadmap, to complement existing services and data portals, such as EMODnet-Bathymetry, by further exploiting Copernicus Sentinel satellite data
Mercator Ocean International (MOI) is studying the possibility to develop and distribute in the Copernicus Marine Service in the near future a pan-European, dynamic satellite-derived coastal bathymetry product at intermediate horizontal resolution. To prepare this potential new line of activity, a broad market research is conducted to understand the current landscape of coastal bathymetry products and future requirements
Summary
Coastal zones are at the interface between land and ocean and represent a tremendous social, economic and biological value. An improved monitoring of the coastal topography and bathymetry was included in this coastal roadmap, to complement existing services and data portals, such as EMODnet-Bathymetry, by further exploiting Copernicus Sentinel satellite data In this context, MOI is studying the possibility to develop and distribute in the Copernicus Marine Service in the near future (post 2022) a pan-European, dynamic satellite-derived coastal bathymetry product at intermediate horizontal resolution. MOI is studying the possibility to develop and distribute in the Copernicus Marine Service in the near future (post 2022) a pan-European, dynamic satellite-derived coastal bathymetry product at intermediate horizontal resolution To prepare this potential new line of activity, a broad market research is conducted to understand the current landscape of coastal bathymetry products and future requirements. The best resolution and precision is even more essential for the study and research of underwater archaeological sites (Guzinski et al, 2016)
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