Abstract
ABSTRACT The stingless bee Melipona mandacaia (Smith 1863) (mandaçaia) is found only in the region of Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, near to São Francisco river. The aim of the present work was to determine the botanical origin and to evaluate the phenolic content and antioxidant properties (β-carotene/linoleic acid system, DPPH and ABTS scavenging) of mandaçaia geopropolis. 25 pollen types from 15 families were identified from the 9 geopropolis samples analyzed. Phenolic compounds content varied between all the geopropolis EtOH extracts, hexane, EtOAc and MeOH:H2O fractions. The main pollens found in the geopropolis samples were from the Leguminoseae family. This identification of meliponicultural plants is extremely important because it indicates the food sources used for the collection of nectar and pollen. Our results revealed that there is a strong relation between the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity. These results showed that total phenols of mandaçaia geopropolis may be responsible for the antioxidant activity with evidence that it's a rich source of phenols bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
Highlights
The stingless bee Melipona mandacaia (Smith 1863) is found only in the region of Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, near to São Francisco river
25 pollen types from 15 families were identified from the 9 geopropolis samples analyzed
The pollen types that occur at low frequency in geopropolis samples can be regarded as reference of the botanicals species supplying resin and are important indicators of the flora of Caatinga region (MATOS; ALENCAR; SANTOS, 2014)
Summary
The main pollens found in the geopropolis samples were from the Leguminoseae family This identification of meliponicultural plants is extremely important because it indicates the food sources used for the collection of nectar and pollen. The stingless bee Melipona mandacaia (Smith 1863) (mandaçaia) is found only in the region of Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, near to São Francisco river. These bees are important for pollination of many plants of the Caatinga and produce a tasty honey bee commercially valuable. The samples of geopropolis has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity, as well as antioxidant (DUTRA et al 2014; SOUZA et al, 2013; SOUZA JUNIOR et al, 2019), anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antiproliferative properties (FRANCHIN et al, 2012; CUNHA et al, 2013)
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