Abstract
The exhaust gases from various sources cause air pollution, which is a leading contributor to the global disease burden. Hence, it has become vital to monitor and control the increasing pollutants coming out of the various sources into the environment. This paper has designed and developed a sensor material to determine the amount of carbon monoxide (CO), which is one of the major primary air pollutants produced by human activity. Nanoparticle-based sensors have several benefits in sensitivity and specificity over sensors made from traditional materials. In this study, tin oxide (SnO2), which has greater sensitivity to the target gas, is selected as the sensing material which selectively senses only CO. Tin oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized from stannous chloride dihydrate chemical compound by chemical precipitation method. Palladium, at the concentration of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% by weight, was added to tin oxide and the results were compared. Synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) techniques. XRD revealed the tetragonal structure of the SnO2 nanoparticles and FESEM analysis showed the size of the nanoparticles to be about 7–20 nm. Further, the real-time sensor testing was performed and the results proved that the tin oxide sensor, doped with 0.2% palladium, senses the CO gas more efficiently with greater sensitivity.
Highlights
Air pollution has become the fifth leading risk factor worldwide for mortality [1]
Thetechniques, synthesized was examined by X-ray diffraction and the field emission scanning microscopy thepowder former indicated the structure of the particles and latter investigated electron microscopy techniques, the former indicated the structure of the particles and the latter the structure morphology
The need of the day to minimize air pollution is a sensor to measure the levels of the major air pollutant, carbon monoxide, which can be specific to CO gas even in the parts-per-million range at lower temperatures
Summary
Air pollution has become the fifth leading risk factor worldwide for mortality [1]. No one is safe from air pollution because the waste from many processes, technically termed as air pollutants, are dumped directly into the environment, which exhibits a direct impact on the environment and thereby endangering the natural ecosystem. The most abundant sources of air pollutants are gases, among which those of primary concern are oxides of carbon (CO2 and CO), SO2 , and NOx [2]. An invisible air pollutant, is odorless, tasteless, and non-irritant, but is very toxic and can lead to damage of heart and the central nervous system, becoming lethal at times. When the source of the toxic gas is at the surface of the earth and if it has residence time in the order of several days, this trace gas becomes a basic pollutant, like in the case of CO [5]. Myronuk (1977) [7], had reported long back that the exposure of humans to high concentrations of carbon monoxide can result in headache or nausea, the control of which when failed, leads to setting a strain on heart and lungs
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
