Abstract

Palladium (Pd) is a widely used metal and extremely important biomaterial for the reconstruction of occlusions during dental restorations. However, metallic biomaterials can cause serious allergic reactions, such as Pd-related oral mucositis seen in dentistry. Metal allergy is categorized as a type IV allergy and we demonstrated that CD8 T cells play an important role in Pd allergy previously. As TCR of CD8 T cells recognizes MHC class I/peptide complex, the antigen specificity to this complex seems to be generated during Pd allergy. However, it remains unknown if Pd affects the MHC class I/peptide complex. In this study, we investigated the behavior of the MHC class I/peptide complex in response to Pd treatment. We found that PdCl2 treatment altered peptide presentation on MHC class I and that co-culture with Pd-treated DC2.4 cells induced activation of Pd-responsive TCR-expressing T cell line. Furthermore, PdCl2 treatment induced temporal MHC class I internalization and inhibition of membrane movement suppressed Pd-induced T cell-mediated antigenicity. These data suggest that Pd-induced MHC class I internalization is critical for generation of antigenicity through a mechanism including differential peptide loading on MHC class I, which results in Pd allergy.

Highlights

  • Biomaterials contribute widely to the development of human therapeutics [1,2,3]

  • We found that NaN3 treatment partially suppresses MHC class I internalization in response to PdCl2 treatment (Supplementary Figure 4)

  • We show that Pd treatment affects MHC class I/ peptide complexes by altering MHC class I peptide loading

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Summary

Introduction

Biomaterials contribute widely to the development of human therapeutics [1,2,3]. In particular, are broadly useful in many fields due to their hardness, strength, durability, and workability. Palladium (Pd) is commonly used, including in dentistry as an extremely important metallic biomaterial for the reconstruction of occlusions. Metallic biomaterials can cause allergy, and in dentistry Pd-related oral mucositis is a serious problem. The allergic response can result in skin conditions, such as palmoplantar pustulosis [4, 5].

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