Palladium doped tungsten oxide nanoparticle nanocomposite for sensitive detection of CO2 and LPG gases

Abstract

According to the results from paleoclimate data, long-term variations in climate change were affected by the concentration levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), besides the liquid petroleum gases (LPG) as a gas product of petroleum during the refining treatment. Herein, CO2 and LPG sensing device was fabricated by hydrothermally treated WO3 nanoparticles achieving significant responses of 89% and 82% towards CO2 and LPG gases. The synthesis approach was enhanced by incorporating palladium (Pd) with a doping level. The Physico-chemical properties of Pd-doped WO3 specimens with different contents from Pd (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2wt.%) were evaluated using various tools such as XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, EDX, TGA, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. At WO3/(0.9wt.%) Pd, the device demonstrated a tremendous high response rate against the CO2 to be 164%. While the sensitivity of LPG recorded a higher response of 125% with WO3/(0.6wt.%) Pd nanocomposite. The resistance of the two platinum electrode sensors for different gases at different temperatures is used to measure and figure out how the sensors work electrically when exposed to other gases. This research proposes a method for enhancing the sensing performance of nanomaterials based on metal oxides.