Paleomagnetic Results on Early Tertiary Lava Flows from West Greenland and their bearing on the Evolution History of the Baffin Bay–Labrador Sea Region

Abstract

Paleomagnetic investigations have been carried out on about 250 oriented block samples collected from Early Tertiary lava flows representing an altitude span of about 1200 m on the Disko Island and 600 m on the Nûgssuaq Peninsula of West Greenland. The results reveal a record of two polarity transitions on the Disko Island and the existence of normal (N) and reverse (R) groups of lava flows on the Nûgssuaq Peninsula. A tentative correlation of the lava sequences from the two areas, on the basis of polarity of magnetization, has been suggested. Subject to the assumption of relatively uniform extrusion rates in northern Disko, a correlation of the comparatively thick sequence of reverse (R) polarity flows with the relatively long reverse epoch between the anomaly no. 25 (ca. 63 m.y.) and anomaly no. 24 (ca. 60.5 m.y.B.P.), has been attempted and an age estimate of the lava flows has been obtained.The Early Tertiary paleomagnetic pole for Greenland, computed from stable remanent magnetic directions of the Disko lavas is located at 67.5 °N and 165 °W. This pole position and the one for contemporaneous lava flows on the Baffin Island of Canada have been used in testing the models proposed by various workers for a paleogeographic reconstruction of Greenland and Canada, involving a closure of the Baffin Bay – Labrador Sea. The results of this paleomagnetic test suggest the existence of an ocean basin in the area, prior to the eruption of Early Tertiary lava sequences on Baffin Island and West Greenland, and also that this ocean basin had a much wider extent in Pre-Tertiary times.A model for the evolution of Baffin Bay – Labrador Sea has been suggested in the light of available geological/geophysical information about the region. It involves the opening of this sea in the Mesozoic and its partial closure during the Cenozoic as a consequence of the drift of Greenland in the northwesterly direction.