Paleoclimatology and Paleometeorology: Modern and Past Patterns of Global Atmospheric Transport

Abstract

Section 1. Dust Formation, Injection, and Continental Aridity.- 1. Processes of fine particle formation, dust source regions, and climatic changes.- 2. Formation of winderodible aggregates for salty soils and soils with less than 50% sand composition in natural terrestrial environments.- 3. Dust and climate in the American Southwest.- 4. Climatic controls on the frequency, magnitude and distribution of dust storms: examples from India/Pakistan, Mauritania and Mongolia.- 5. Emission of fine-grained particulates from desert soils.- 6. Relationships between the characteristics of soils, the wind energy and dust near the ground, in the western sandsea (N.W. Sahara).- 7. Aeolian dust transport in West Africa.- Section 2. Dust Transport and Transport Modeling.- 1. Modeling long-range transport using trajectory techniques.- 2. Present transport and deposition patterns of African dusts to the North-western Mediterranean.- 3. Desert dust and climate: an investigation using an atmospheric general circulation model.- Section 3. Dust Composition and Factors Controlling it: Evidence from Aerosols and Sediments.- 1. Eolian dust over the Mediterranean and their contribution to the present sedimentation.- 2. Eolian dust collected in springtime (1979 and 1984 Years) at the seawater-air interface of the Northern Red Sea.- 3. Desert aerosol: characteristics and effects on climate.- 4. Local, proximal and distal Saharan dusts: characterization and contribution to the sedimentation.- 5. Atmospheric mineral dust - properties and source markers.- 6. Nd and Sr isotopes as tracers of wind transport: Atlantic aerosols and surface sediments.- 7. Wind-borne deposits in the Northwestern Indian Ocean: record of Holocene sediments versus modern satellite data.- 8. Aeolian-derived higher plant lipids in the marine sedimentary record: links with palaeoclimate.- 9. Lithogenic sediment on Arctic pack ice: potential aeolian flux and contribution to deep sea sediment.- Section 4. Modeling Atmospheric Circulation in the Past.- 1. Past and present oceanic energy balance patterns.- 2. Possible effects of orbital variations on past sources and transports of eolian material: estimates from general circulation model experiments.- Section 5. Inferences from the Sedimentary Record: Loess, Ice Cores, and Other Land Evidence.- 1. Climatic changes in Israel during historical times and their impact on hydrological, pedological and socio-economic systems.- 2. The mineral-dust record in a highaltitude Alpine Glacier (Colle Gnifetti, Swiss Alps).- 3. Fallout of Saharan dust in the Northwestern Mediterranean Region.- 4. Late Quaternary climatic changes in the African Rain Forest: forest refugia and the major role of sea-surface temperature variations.- 5. The regionalization of climatic change in Western North America.- 6. Interglacial environments in presently Hyperarid Sahara: palaeoclimatic implications.- Section 6. Report of the Group Studying: Inferences from the Marine Sedimentary Record.- 1. Northeast Asian climatic change over the last 140,000 years inferred from pollen in marine cores taken off the Pacific Coast of Japan.- 2. The Late Quaternary record of atmospheric transport to the Northwest Pacific from Asia.- 3. Variations of the NW African trade wind regime during the last 140,000 years: changes in pollen flux evidenced by marine sediment records.- 4. Deflation and humidity during the last 700 ka in NW Africa from the marine record.- 5. Palynology of the last 680,000 years of ODP Site 658 (off NW Africa): fluctuations in paleowind systems.- 6. Pliocene history of South Saharan/Sahelian aridity: record of freshwater diatoms (Genus Melosira) and opal phytoliths, ODP Sites 662 and 664.- 7. Cenozoic climatic variation recorded by quartz and clay minerals in North Pacific sediments.- 8. Geologic record of atmospheric circulation on tectonic time scales.- Section 7. Reports and Recommendations of Working Groups.- 1. Dust Formation, Injection, and Continental Aridity.- 2. Dust Transport and Transport Modeling.- 3. Dust Composition and Factors Controlling IT: Evidence from Aerosols and Sediments.- 4. Modeling Atmospheric Circulation in the Past.- 5. Inferences from the Sedimentary Record: Loess, Ice Cores, and other Land Evidence.- 6. Report of the Group Studying: Inferences from the Marine Sedimentary Record.