Abstract
Studies of fossil molluscs from Early Miocene deposits at Napak, Uganda, reveal that between 20 and 18.5 Ma, there were various kinds of palaeoenvironments on the flanks of the volcano ranging from forest to open country. The basal Iriri Member contains fluvial deposits from which freshwater gastropods and bivalves have been collected. The younger Napak Member is subaerial in facies, and has yielded a predominantly forest assemblage of gastropods, but with some indications of open country species at one of the sites. Napak has yielded a rich and diverse primate fauna, including the large ape Ugandapithecus major, the small ape Micropithecus clarki, the earliest known cercopithecid in the world ( Prohylobates sp.) and several galagids ( Mioeuoticus bishopi) among other less well-known taxa.
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