Paired bedrock and boulder 10Be concentrations resulting from early Holocene ice retreat near Jakobshavn Isfjord, western Greenland

Abstract

We measured in situ cosmogenic 10Be in 16 bedrock and 14 boulder samples collected along a 40-km transect outside of and normal to the modern ice margin near Sikuijuitsoq Fjord in central-west Greenland (69°N). We use these data to understand better the efficiency of glacial erosion and to infer the timing, pattern, and rate of ice loss after the last glaciation. In general, the ages of paired bedrock and boulder samples are in close agreement ( r 2 = 0.72). Eleven of the fourteen paired bedrock and boulder samples are indistinguishable at 1 σ; this concordance indicates that subglacial erosion rates are sufficient to remove most or all 10Be accumulated during previous periods of exposure, and that few, if any, nuclides are inherited from pre-Holocene interglaciations. The new data agree well with previously-published landscape chronologies from this area, and suggest that two chronologically-distinct land surfaces exist: one outside the Fjord Stade moraine complex (∼10.3 ± 0.4 ka; n = 7) and another inside (∼8.0 ± 0.7 ka; n = 21). Six 10Be ages from directly outside the historic (Little Ice Age) moraine show that the ice margin first reached its present-day position ∼7.6 ± 0.4 ka. Early Holocene ice margin retreat rates after the deposition of the Fjord Stade moraine complex were ∼100–110 m yr −1. Sikuijuitsoq Fjord is a tributary to the much larger Jakobshavn Isfjord and the deglaciation chronologies of these two fjords are similar. This synchronicity suggests that the ice stream in Jakobshavn Isfjord set the timing and pace of early Holocene deglaciation of the surrounding ice margin.