Pair invariant mass to isolate background in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

M S Abdallah,R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli,W J Llope,A Jentsch,V Verkest,G Eppley,E C Aschenauer,Y Liu,M Csanád,P Federic,C Kim,F Videbæk,L V Nogach,O V Rogachevskiy,B R Pokhrel,L Didenko,Md Nasim,M Chevalier,M L Kabir,D P Kikoła,S Kumar,B S Page,G Ponimatkin,F M Fawzi,R S Longacre,R Seto,X Ju,S Esumi,K Jiang,R Sikora,M Shao,J M Nelson,B Mohanty,N Elsey,A Gibson,S Chattopadhyay,N Xu,S Margetis,I Chakaberia,P Parfenov,A Mukherjee,J M Landgraf,M Daugherity,S Mioduszewski,R Reed,J L Drachenberg,P Sorensen,J C Dunlop,H Wieman,A Francisco,J S Wang,A Kechechyan,I Upsal,L Wen,W Zha,G D Westfall,I M Deppner,H Xu,Z Chang,A Hamed,T Shao,A Ewigleben,B K Chan,Y Yu,B Pawlik,G Xie,L Pinsky,L Di Carlo,J D Brandenburg,C Zhang,E Shahaliev,D N Svirida,J Zhao,S Kabana,Y Lin,D Cebra,J H Chen,A Aparin,W He,W Li,S S Shi,S Choudhury,S Kagamaster,A Pandav,D Neff,E G Judd,Y Xu,X Chen,B Surrow,X Liang,J Cheng,S A Voloshin,Y V Khyzhniak,M Zyzak,Y Fisyak,K Gopal,J Seger,X Luo,I Bunzarov,M Robotkova,D Kapukchyan,T Niida,N Herrmann,X Liu,S Fazio,H G Ritter,W Guryn,A V Brandin,Y Han,G Odyniec,A S Nunes,H M Spinka,Z W Sweger,R Ma,J Engelage,A Taranenko,Y Hu,E P Sichtermann,G Agakishiev,F Seck,Y Wu,W Baker,V Prozorova,I Mooney,C A Gagliardi,M M Aggarwal,L Kochenda,D B Nemes,A R Timmins,Z Xu,B Xi,E Loyd,B A Trzeciak,O D Tsai,M Posik,N Schmitz,P Filip,S Yang,Y Söhngen,N G Minaev,X Li,I Alekseev,Z Liu,H Qiu,D Zhang,B R Schweid,T J Humanic,I Kisel,B Stringfellow,N Smirnov,W Xie,Y Li,S Heppelmann,P V Shanmuganathan,R Bellwied,A G Knospe,I Aggarwal,S Trentalange,J Putschke,M Nie,A Bhasin,Y Panebratsev,W Solyst,S Salur,G Nigmatkulov,N K Pruthi,D Isenhower,M Tokarev,L Holub,P Wang,S Singha,M Stefaniak,W Christie,J Lauret,A A P Suaide,W B Schmidke,A Dhamija,F Wang,M Sergeeva,D Keane,T Nonaka,P Tribedy,A Behera,Y H Leung,Y Huang,J Sandweiss,A Lebedev,M Calderón De La Barca Sánchez,L Ma,Z Chen,A H Tang,D Kincses,A Ogawa,A A Derevschikov,N Shah,O Eyser,C A Tomkiel,V Bairathi,J H Thomas,R Nishitani,H J Crawford,T Ullrich,T G Dedovich,Z Ye,F Liu,R Fatemi,S He,P Chaloupka,J Jia,S Lan,J Adam,J H Lee,R L Ray,M J Skoby,T Todoroki,S W Wissink,X Sun,J H Kwasizur,D M Anderson,D Grosnick,H Harrison,I Vassiliev,C Markert,G Van Buren,K Nayak,Z Wang,K Kauder,A I Hamad,Y Zhang,X Huang,C Yang,Y Wang,C Jena,Z Ahammed,J R Adams,X Gou,G Igo,F-H Chang,P Seyboth,F G Atetalla,T Truhlar,H Pei,M D Harasty,Z Tu,A K Pandey,X Chu,Z Zhang,N S Lukow,P C Weidenkaff,C Fu,T Huang,H Liu,B Summa,J Zhang,M A Lisa,J C Webb,S Zhang,D G Underwood,H Z Huang,S K Radhakrishnan,C Perkins,B Srivastava,Y Ji,H Caines,E Finch,A Quintero,D Chen,Z J Zhang,X Dong,R Pak,J Pluta,Y Feng,J Chen,L Yi,G Wang,L Kumar,C Li,D Mallick,M Simko,T Galatyuk,G S Averichev,N Raha,L Adamczyk,B Kimelman,X M Sun,A Attri,J Porter,N Chankova-Bunzarova,A Chatterjee,H Sako,Q H Xu,P Bhagat,J L Romero,M Strikhanov,M M Mondal,K Kang,T Liu,Y Shi,T D S Stanislaus,H Zbroszczyk,K Yip,A I Sheikh,N Magdy,X Zhu,W W Jacobs,I G Bordyuzhin,L K Kosarzewski,O Evdokimov,J K Adkins,C Zhou,H W Ke,L Ruan,H S Matis,Z Tang,X Z Cai,X P Zhang,C Racz,J D Nam,R E Tribble,D Tlusty,P Liu,R Majka,R Licenik,S Harabasz,Y Liang,T Tarnowsky,D Kalinkin,R L Pintér,A Kiselev,Q Yang,A Gupta,T H Lin ,K N Barish ,Q Shou ,Y G ,J B Singh ,J Ball ,Ł Fulek ,P Szymański ,Nirmal Ghimire ,S K Oh ,D Y Shen ,Yang He ,J Mazer ,R Lednický ,Yifeng Sun ,Jian Wu ,C Feng ,M Żurek ,X He ,M I Nagy ,M Šumbera ,D Pawłowska ,James W Harris ,Sushanta Tripathy ,Xiao Zhang ,J Bielčík ,Yi Yang ,Z H Zhu ,David J Stewart ,П Кравцов ,F J M Geurts ,S Vokál ,A Vasiliev ,J Bielčíková ,J M Butterworth ,Eric A Hoffman ,L Kramárik ,Д А Морозов ,M Przybycień ,N Sahoo ,Susumu Sato ,J Fedorišin ,J Rusňák ,V Okorokov ,S Huang ,Muhammad Usman Ashraf ,J Vaněk ,T Ljubičić

doi:10.1103/physrevc.106.034908

Abstract

Quark interactions with topological gluon configurations can induce local chirality imbalance and parity violation in quantum chromodynamics, which can lead to the chiral magnetic effect (CME)—an electric charge separation along the strong magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The CME-sensitive azimuthal correlator observable (Δγ) is contaminated by background arising, in part, from resonance decays coupled with elliptic anisotropy (v2). We report here differential measurements of the correlator as a function of the pair invariant mass (minv) in 20–50% centrality Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Strong resonance background contributions to Δγ are observed. At large minv where this background is significantly reduced, the Δγ value is found to be significantly smaller. An event-shape-engineering technique is deployed to determine the v2 background shape as a function of minv. We extract a v2-independent and minv-averaged signal Δγsig=(0.03±0.06±0.08)×10−4, or (2±4±5)% of the inclusive Δγ(minv>0.4 GeV/c2)=(1.58±0.02±0.02)×10−4, within pion pT=0.2–0.8 GeV/c and averaged over pseudorapidity ranges of −1<η<−0.05 and 0.05<η<1. This represents an upper limit of 0.23×10−4, or 15% of the inclusive result, at 95% confidence level for the minv-integrated CME contribution.Received 11 June 2020Revised 12 July 2022Accepted 12 August 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.034908©2022 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasParticle correlations & fluctuationsRelativistic heavy-ion collisionsNuclear Physics

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