Abstract
Objective The intestinal barrier decreases in colitis and restores the integrity of the mucosal barriers that could be used for the treatment of colitis. Painong San (PNS), a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine originally recorded in “Jingui Yaolve” by Zhongjing Zhang in the Later Han Dynasty, is often used in China and Japan to treat various purulent diseases including intestinal carbuncle. This study was to investigate the effect of PNS on mucosal barrier function in mice with DSS-induced colitis and its related mechanisms. Methods BALB/C mice were given 3% DSS to induce colitis. The body weight and stool status of the mice were recorded daily, and the histopathological changes of the colon were observed after execution. The permeability of the intestinal mucosa was measured by fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4000, the change of intestinal microbiota was measured by 16S rDNA, and the tight junction-related proteins and Muc-2 were investigated by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence. The possible signaling pathways were detected by western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the composition of the microbiota in the PNS group was close to that of the normal group, the number of goblet cells was improved, and the mucosal permeability was significantly reduced. PNS could upregulate the expression of tight junction-related proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin) and Muc-2, and at the same time, regulate the Notch pathway. Conclusion PNS could effectively improve the mucosal barrier function through multiple ways, including restoring the balance of intestine flora, enhancement of the mucous layer barrier, and mechanical barrier function. These protective effects may relate to inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway activated by DSS.
Highlights
Colitis, usually with intestinal mucosal congestion, edema, bleeding, and other symptoms [1,2,3], is a disease that seriously threatens the health of modern people
Quantitative analysis showed that the contents of paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin, and neohesperidin were 0.52 ± 0.06 mg/g, 1.31 ± 0.07 mg/g, 0.22 ± 0.04 mg/g, and 1.36 ± 0.12 mg/g, respectively [18]
In order to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Painong San (PNS) on colonic epithelial injury and colitis caused by DSS, we used 3% DSS to induce mice to establish a colitis model for 7 days to further determine whether PNS could improve colitis
Summary
Usually with intestinal mucosal congestion, edema, bleeding, and other symptoms [1,2,3], is a disease that seriously threatens the health of modern people. E intestinal epithelial barrier (intestinal epithelial cells and their tight junctions), the mucus barrier (intestinal mucosal goblet cells, mucin) secreted by epithelial cells, and the biological barrier (intestinal microbiota) are important components of the intestinal mucosal barrier [4, 5]. Bacteria contact with it, resulting in incomplete cell membranes, destroying the Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine epithelial barrier, affecting the production of mucin, and loss of GC.
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