Pain reduction of acupoint electrical stimulation for patients with spinal surgery: A placebo-controlled study

Abstract

Background Acupoint electrical stimulation (AES) is commonly used for pain management. However, its true or placebo effect to achieve pain relief needs to be verified. Objective This study aimed to examine the true effect of AES to reduce postoperative pain in patients with spinal surgery receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Method A placebo- and sham-controlled study was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention with AES at true acupoints (the AES group, n = 30), AES at sham acupoints (the sham group, n = 30), or no intervention with AES (the control group, n = 30). Outcomes were assessed according to the amount of pain experienced and analgesics used. Results There were significant differences among the three groups in pain relief across time, and the occurrence of PCA button pushed and amount of analgesics used. The beneficial effects of AES were discernible when compared to the sham and the control. Conclusions AES at the true acupoints effectively reduced postoperative pain and analgesic usage. AES has now been implemented into healthcare and it is recommended that nurses be provided with the opportunity to earn their AES skills. More studies evaluating the effects of AES over a longer period and on pain after different surgical procedures are suggested.