Abstract
ObjectiveTo develop multidimensional approaches for pain management, this study aimed to understand how PD patients cope with pain.DesignCross-sectional, cohort study.SettingMonocentric, inpatient, university hospital.Participants52 patients with Parkinson’s disease (without dementia) analysed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresMotor function, nonmotor symptoms, health-related quality of life (QoL), and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire were assessed. Elastic net regularization and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to study the association among coping, clinical parameters, and QoL.ResultsMost patients cope with pain through active cognitive (coping self-statements) and active behavioral strategies (increasing pain behaviors and increasing activity level). Active coping was associated with lower pain rating. Regarding QoL domains, active coping was associated with better physical functioning and better energy, whereas passive coping was associated with poorer emotional well-being. However, as demonstrated by MANOVA, the impact of coping factors (active and passive) on the Short Form 36 domains was negligible after correction for age, motor function, and depression.ConclusionPassive coping strategies are the most likely coping response of those with depressive symptoms, whereas active coping strategies are the most likely coping response to influence physical function. Although coping is associated with pain rating, the extent that pain coping responses can impact on QoL seems to be low.
Highlights
People with Parkinson’s disease (PPD) have various methods for coping or dealing with disease and symptoms [1, 2]
Regarding quality of life (QoL) domains, active coping was associated with better physical functioning and better energy, whereas passive coping was associated with poorer emotional well-being
Health-related QoL as measured on the Short Form 36 (SF36) was substantially impaired in this sample of patients with PD compared with the general adult population
Summary
People with Parkinson’s disease (PPD) have various methods for coping or dealing with disease and symptoms [1, 2]. Pain is one of the most bothersome nonmotor problems in PD [3]. Pain is common but often is underdiagnosed and undertreated in PPD. The etiology and phenotype of pain in PD is complex and often multi-factorial. Pain can be related to PD itself and/or other comorbidities, e.g., due to arthrosis of spine or joints amplified by motor- or non-motor PD symptoms [4,5,6]. It can occur at any time during the disease course [7]. Chronic pain is linked to depression, low self-esteem, frustration and sleep deprivation [12,13,14]
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