Abstract
BackgroundPain is a common complaint among hemodialysis (HD) patients; however, most patients are not assessed for this aspect and are not sufficiently treated. In these patients, pain is reported to be associated with a range of parameters like increased depression and disrupted quality of life (QOL). Previously residual renal function (RRF) was not assessed for associations with pain. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the pain frequency in the Turkish HD patient population. In addition, the type, origin, and severity of chronic pain, the pain treatment ratio, and the relationship between pain, QOL, and RRF were investigated during the study.MethodsThis study included 328 HD patients. Pain assessment used the McGill Pain Questionnaire and neuropathic pain assessment used the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) scale. The correlation of pain and quality of life was evaluated with the Short Form 36 (SF-36) quality of life scale.ResultsOf patients, 244 experienced pain (74.4%), and this pain had a neuropathic character in 61.8% of these patients. Patients with pain had a longer dialysis duration than those without pain (4.00 (2.00-8.00), 3.00 (2.00-4.75), p=0.01). The most common site of pain was the lower extremities. Pain was observed more often among females and with increasing age. Only 36.4% of patients used analgesics. The quality of life of patients with pain was found to be lower. The incidence of pain was higher among patients without RRF and had more neuropathic character.ConclusionsPain is a significant problem for the majority of HD patients and is not effectively managed. To increase the quality of life of patients, the care team should regularly question pain symptoms, and it should be treated effectively. In this context, RRF should be regularly monitored and efforts should be made to preserve it.
Highlights
Pain is a commonly observed complaint among hemodialysis (HD) patients [1,2]
Pain is a common complaint among hemodialysis (HD) patients; most patients are not assessed for this aspect and are not sufficiently treated
The incidence of pain was higher among patients without residual renal function (RRF) and had more neuropathic character
Summary
Pain is a commonly observed complaint among hemodialysis (HD) patients [1,2]. There is relatively little information about the origin, incidence, and treatment of pain. Three-quarters of ESRD patients suffer from insufficiently treated or untreated pain [1,4] This problem is due to a variety of factors: caregivers are not aware of this problem and worry about the negative effects of analgesic treatment, and patients are afraid of the side effects of medication, the extra load of daily tablets, and the potential addiction risk if opioid medications are used [5]. Pain is a common complaint among hemodialysis (HD) patients; most patients are not assessed for this aspect and are not sufficiently treated. In these patients, pain is reported to be associated with a range of parameters like increased depression and disrupted quality of life (QOL). The type, origin, and severity of chronic pain, the pain treatment ratio, and the relationship between pain, QOL, and RRF were investigated during the study
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