Abstract
The double problem of studying the subject of paideia is examined, namely, the clarification of the historical reality that is intended to encompass with that Greek word, as well as its translation into modern languages. A review of some of the main scientific contributions is made, prioritizing in the first place the works of Werner Jaeger and H. I. Marrou, first systematic theorists of paideia, then, some more recent works that range from the Homeric era to the Roman Empire, passing by the Second Sophistic and the Christian reception of paideia. On one hand, attention is drawn to the humanist reading made by Jaeger and Marrou, and on the other, the approach most influenced by Sociology, Anthropology, and other social sciences in the most current studies. Finally, the need to encourage philosophical reflection on the subject is argued.
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