施用污泥堆肥的梅花林地土壤中PAHs的分布特征研究

Abstract

选择梅花林地作为试验样地，施用不同质量(0 kg/m2、1.5 kg/m2、3 kg/m2、4.5 kg/m2、6 kg/m2)的污泥堆肥后，考察了16种多环芳烃(PAHs)在土壤中的分布特征及随季节变化情况。结果表明：污泥堆肥的施用会显著增加林地土壤中多环芳烃的含量，不同的施肥比例会造成不同的影响，施肥比例在6 kg/m2时多环芳烃增量最大；施肥后的一年时间里，土壤中多环芳烃总量呈现出春、夏、秋季减少、冬季增加的趋势；2~3环多环芳烃的含量受施肥比例影响小于4~6环多环芳烃；施肥后不同土层深度内的多环芳烃含量不同，向土壤深层迁移速度较快。因此污泥堆肥中的多环芳烃可能给环境带来一定的风险，应该引起足够的重视。 To provide support theoretically for applying method of sludge compost in the forestland, site experiments of Prunus mume forestland were designed to study the distribution characteristics and the variation of the sixteen kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil after the application of the sludge compost with different proportions (0 kg/m2, 1.5 kg/m2, 3 kg/m2, 4.5 kg/m2, 6 kg/m2). The results showed that the application of the sludge compost can apparently increase the contents of the PAHs in the soil. Different applying proportion of sludge compost would make different effects in the soil. The increments of PAHs rose to the top with the proportion of 6 kg/m2. In the following year after the application of sludge compost, the amount of total PAHs decreased through spring, summer, and autumn, while increased in winter. The amount of 4 - 6 ring PAHs were more sensitive to the proportion of sludge compost than 2 - 3 ring PAHs. PAHs in different depths of soil showed different exposing level, and migrated quite fast to deeper soil layers. PAHs from the sludge compost could bring considerable risks to the environment should be paid more attention to.