Abstract
Two strains HN-1T and 39 were isolated from rhizospheres of different plants grown in different regions of PR China. The two strains exhibited high nitrogenase activities and possessed almost identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the two strains were 99.9 and 99.8%, respectively, suggesting that they belong to one species. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strains HN-1T and 39 are the members of the genus Paenibacillus and both strains exhibited 99.5% similarity to Paenibacillus stellifer DSM 14472T and the both strains represented a separate lineage from all other Paenibacillus species. However, the ANI of type strain HN-1T with P. stellifer DSM 14472T was 90.69, which was below the recommended threshold value (< 95-96% ANI). The dDDH showed 42.1% relatedness between strain HN-1T and P. stellifer DSM 14472T, which was lower than the recommended threshold value (dDDH < 70%). The strain HN-1T contain anteiso-C15:0 as major fatty acids and MK-7 as predominant isoprenoid quinone. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, four aminophospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. Unlike the most closely related P. stellifer DSM 14472T, strain HN-1T or 39 was positive for catalase reaction. Distinct phenotypic and genomic characterisations from previously described taxa support the classification of strains HN-1T or 39 as representatives of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus sinensis is proposed, with type strains HN-1T (=CGMCC 1.18902, JCM 34,620), and reference strain 39 (=CGMCC 1.18879, JCM 34,616), respectively.
Highlights
The genus Paenibacillus was proposed by Ash et al (1993) and its description was emended by Shida et al (Shida et al 1997)
The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between the two strains were 99.9 and 93.8% respectively, suggesting that they belong to one species
Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strains HN-1T and 39 are the members of the genus Paenibacillus and both strains exhibited 99.5% similarity to Paenibacillus stellifer DSM 14472T and the both strains represented a separate lineage from all other Paenibacillus species
Summary
The genus Paenibacillus was proposed by Ash et al (1993) and its description was emended by Shida et al (Shida et al 1997). Some N2-fixing Paenibacillus strains with additional nif and nif-like genes exhibited higher nitrogenase activities (Li et al 2014; Li et al 2021). Such traits make the study of the regulation of the multiple nif genes of N2-fixing Paenibacillus under different environmental conditions and their adaptation to varying ecological niches interesting. Two nitrogen-fixing strains HN-1 T and 39 isolated from the rhizosphere of plant were charactered by a polyphasic taxonomic approach, one more presumably novel species strain belonging to the genus Paenibacillus
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