Paenibacillus Associated with Milky Disease in Central and South American Scarabs

Abstract

Thirty-one isolates of bacteria causing milky disease in scarab larvae collected in Central and South America were identified as Paenibacillus popilliae or Paenibacillus lentimorbus by use of DNA similarity analysis. The isolates were more similar to each other than to the North American isolates that are the type strains of the species. All of the bacteria of both species produced parasporal bodies, a characteristic previously believed to be unique to P. popilliae. Screening of the bacteria using PCR with parasporal protein primers revealed differences among the parasporal protein genes of P. popilliae isolates and between the parasporal genes of P. popilliae and P. lentimorbus. In contrast to P. popilliae from North America, none of the isolates from Central and South America was resistant to vancomycin, an indication of an interesting geographic distribution of the resistance genes.