Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a thrombotic disorder characterised by the association of arterial and venous thrombosis with antibodies directed against phospholipids. The onset of APS must occur before the patient's 18th birthday. Clinical manifestations were temporally correlated to the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies if they occurred within 6 months. In contrast with adults, however, transient non-thrombocytogenic aPL antibodies are seen more commonly, usually after childhood infections. The presence of aPL antibodies, specifically aCL antibodies, was significantly associated with thrombotic events. Patients with childhood-onset APS presented with significantly more episodes of chorea and jugular vein thrombosis than adults. The aPL antibodies are tested by coagulation or immunologic assays. The presence of a prolonged prothrombin time in the setting of lupus anticoagulant (LA) may be a marker of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review highlights recent clinical advances in the field of APS in children.
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