Abstract
Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring compound used to treat various human tumors. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism regarding the apoptotic effect of paclitaxel in HNSCC is not well explored. In the present study the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel on Hep-2 cell line was investigated by morphological observations, cell viability assay, flow cytometry assay. Apoptotic changes such as nuclear fragmentation and membrane blebbing was observed at 50 nM, while both apoptotic and necrotic changes were observed at 100 nM concentration. Flow cytometry assay further demonstrated that both concentrations of paclitaxel induced G2/M phase cell arrest which was accompanied with increase of the sub G1 phase suggesting that cells underwent apoptosis. The morphometric analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in mean value of NAF of HEp-2 cells treated with 50nM when compared to that of control and a statistically significant increase in mean value of NAF of Hep-2 cells treated with 100nM when compared to that of control after 48hours of treatment ( P value = 0.000). Based on the present study results paclitaxel induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis at 50 nM concentration while the higher concentration induced both apoptotic and necrotic cell death in Hep-2 cell line.
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