Abstract

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are established, proven methods for re-opening stenotic or occluded arteries in a minimally invasive way. The balloon is placed in the stenotic segment of the artery and then expanded until the lumen reaches its original diameter. To this end, very high pressure (up to 15 bar) is applied, which unavoidably causes vessel wall injury. Hyperproliferation resulting in lumen narrowing is the natural reaction to this injury.

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