Abstract
Although the origins of pacifism date back to the biblical times, it Is in the 19th century that this phenomenon intensified and first pacifist organizations were created. In Poland, the notion of pacifism is connected with the activity of the “Wolność i Pokój” (Freedom and Peace) social movement, which was active mainly in the 1980s. Above all, it questioned the legitimacy of compulsory military service, as well as the text of the oath sworn at that time. Later, these postulates found partial continuation in the “Objector” association, which conducted educational, informative and mutual aid activity. With time, other communities and organizations emerged to propagate peace and question militarism, and the pacifist movement postulates were included in the programmes and goals of other organizations and informal groups.
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