Abstract
The implantation and follow-up of pacemakers and ICDs in children poses unique challenges. Less than 1% of all pacemakers and ICDs are implanted in children and the numbers of implants taking place within individual centers are low. In a recent US survey, the mean annual number of new pacemaker implants per center was less than 25. A significant proportion of the pediatric population who require pacemaker and ICD implantation are survivors of palliative surgical procedures for complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Physicians are thus faced with the difficult situation of implanting few devices in complex patients and as a result sometimes adult cardiologists may be asked to implant devices in children. This chapter focuses on the key differences between adults and children in terms of pacemaker and ICD indications, implantation, and follow-up.
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