P842 Assessment of body composition parameters in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with biological therapy

Abstract

Abstract Background There is growing evidence of the role of biological therapy (BT) in improving body composition parameters (BCP) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Since myopenia and high adiposity affect prognosis and could lead to treatment failure, there is the need for expanding the assessment of BCP in clinical practice beyond traditional measures like body mass index (BMI). Methods A cross-sectional study included 151 IBD patients treated with BT (80 males, 83 Crohn`s disease, 68 ulcerative colitis, mean age 37). Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (InBody170) was done to estimate: body weight, BMI, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (PBF), fat free mass (FFM). Dividing SMM, FFM and BFM by height squared, we calculated the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI). Results In relation to BMI, 84 (55.6%) patients had healthy weight, 41 (27.2%) were overweight, 13 (8.6%) were obese and 13 (8.6%) were classified as underweight. Clinical remission was present in 139 (92.6%) patients. The average values of the measured BCP are as follows: body weight 71.7kg (41.4-123.7); body height 174.6±10.9cm; BMI 23.7kg/m2 (15.1-36.9); PBF 24.6% (5-48); SMI 9.7kg/m2 (6.3-13.5); FFMI 17.5kg/m2 (12.0-23.5); FMI 5.7kg/m2 (1.0-17.3). Muscle mass parameters were significantly higher in the group of patients treated with BT longer than 3 months (SMI p=0.01, FFMI p=0.02), while in the group of patients treated longer than 1 year we observed, apart from muscle mass parameters, a significant increase in adiposity parameters (FMI p=0.02, PBF p=0.06). [WU1] Patients who previously had the need for change of BT type had significantly higher values of FMI (p=0.04). Patients with extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), compared to the group without EIMs, had statistically significantly lower values of body weight (p=0.02), SMI (p=0.01), and FFMI (p= 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in BCP by IBD subtype, presence of clinical remission, BT type and protocol, previous operations, corticosteroids, mesalazines and azathioprine use. Conclusion The duration of treatment with BT can significantly affect muscle mass and adiposity parameters, leading to improved muscle mass parameters after 3 months of therapy, while an increase in adiposity markers is observed after 12 months of BT. Our findings suggest a potential association between EIMs and muscle mass alterations, as well as a relationship between the need for a change in BT type and higher adiposity parameters.