P304 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with onychomycosis caused due to Neoscytalidium spp. in two reference centers in Bogotá D.C.

Abstract

Poster session 2, September 22, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PMObjective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and therapies received in patients with onychomycosis confirmed due to Neoscytalidium spp, who attended the San José Hospital and the Medical Mycology Laboratory for 1 year, in order to get a better perspective of the disease in our field, enhance its detection and increase early prevention.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional observational study was carried out in two centers: San José Hospital and Medical Mycology Laboratory from November 2019 to November 2020; patients of all ages with a confirmed diagnosis of onychomycosis due to Neoscytalidium spp. were included. The cases were identified based on ICD-10 codes and the information was collected from the clinical history, questionnaires, clinical photographs, and additional documents.ResultsA total of 465 cases of onychomycosis were confirmed in the chosen period of time, of which 60 cases were caused due to Neoscytalidium spp. Affecting 31 women and 29 men, with an average age of 48.5 years in both sexes; 85% of these patients lived in Bogota D. C. The mean duration between the onset of the disease and its diagnosis was 3 years, 13% of the patients had a history of chronic disease including thyroid disorders, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. A total of 98% of the patients had toenail involvement, 88% had 1 to 5 nails involved, 33% of the cases showed mild nail involvement, 20% moderate, and 6% severe. Likewise, 35% of the cases presented dermatomycosis. 43% of the patients reported having received topic and systemic treatment, where there was no improvement in the major of the cases (78%).Conclusions: Our results support what is reported in the literature regarding risk factors, sociodemographic findings, and difficulty in therapeutic response to the pharmacological measures available to treat this infection; as well as the opinion of certain authors, onychomycosis caused due to non-dermatophyte mold is clinically indistinguishable from that caused by dermatophytes. Therefore, a complete mycological study (direct examination/KOH and culture) should always be performed to identify the causative agent before starting any treatment, since as our study showed, infections due to Neoscytalidium spp. are, in general frequency, the third most common cause of infection in onychomycosis and the first by non-dermatophyte molds.