P300 as an auxiliary method in clinical practice: A review of literature

Mario Mihalj,Amira Beganovic Petrovic,Enra Suljic,Marina Titlic

doi:10.17532/jhsci.2016.304

Mario Mihalj, Amira Beganovic Petrovic + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2016.304

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Abstract

Cognitive functions can be assessed and followed up over a period of time with cognitive evoked potentials (CEP) P300. In this context, brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) are most commonly used, but visual evoked potentials (VEP) are utilized as well. The research in this area has demonstrated that these techniques could be used as a supplemental method in diagnostics of numerous diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, vascular dementia, epilepsy, craniocerebral trauma, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and other degenerative diseases. In addition, P300 can also be used as an auxiliary method in the diagnostics of mental disorders conditions such as schizophrenia, panic disorders, narcotic drug addiction, nicotinism, alcoholism, etc. The method assists in monitoring the course of diseases leading to encephalopathy, such as liver and kidney damage and grave anaemia. The advantages of P300 testing are easy application, non-invasiveness, and an unlimited number of potential applications. Moreover, the results obtained with this method are measurable and can be compared.

Highlights

Neuropsychological tests are applied in assessing cognitive, cortical functions in patients with neurological and mental diseases, brain trauma, and damage resulting from other diseases [1,2,3]
We have reviewed the existing literature in this field to better understand the role of P300 testing in diagnostics of different diseases
Neurophysiological tests with cognitive evoked potentials (CEP) P300 are gaining attention [79,80,81]. Both auditory and visual stimuli are used. These are referred to as brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and visual evoked potentials (VEP), and BAEP are used more frequently

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Neuropsychological tests are applied in assessing cognitive, cortical functions in patients with neurological and mental diseases, brain trauma, and damage resulting from other diseases [1,2,3]. Clinical research showed significant changes in P300 parameters, such as lowered amplitude and extended latency, in patients with dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and mild cognitive impairment [MCI] [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. A few studies indicated specific changes in amplitude and latency of P300 in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis, as well as effects of interferon beta-1b to cognitive functions, even the P300 characteristics [21,22,23]. Changes in P300 characteristics, amplitude, and latency have been monitored in the following systemic diseases: anaemia, hepatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus type 1, hypothyroidism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), organophosphorus insecticide poisoning, and HIV-1 neurologically asymptomatic seropositive individuals (Table 3)

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION