P2O5-Free Cerium Containing Glasses: Bioactivity and Cytocompatibility Evaluation.

Gigliola Lusvardi,Francesca Sgarbi Stabellini,Roberta Salvatori

doi:10.3390/ma12193267

Abstract

(1) Background: valuation of the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of P2O5-free and CeO2 doped glasses. (2) Methods: all glasses are based on the Kokubo (K) composition and prepared by a melting method. Doped glassed, K1.2, K3.6 and K5.3 contain 1.2, 3.6, and 5.3 mol% of CeO2. Bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests were carried out in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution and murine osteocyte (MLO-Y4) cell lines, respectively. Leaching of ions concentration in SBF was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The surface of the glasses were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. (3) Results: P2O5-free cerium doped glasses are proactive according to European directives. Cerium increases durability and retards, but does not inhibit, (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA) formation at higher cerium amounts (K3.6 and K5.3); however, cell proliferation increases with the amount of cerium especially evident for K5.3. (4) Conclusions: These results enforce the use of P2O5-free cerium doped bioactive glasses as a new class of biomaterials.

Highlights

Bioglasses are a class of biomaterials [1,2] widely used in bone defect regeneration for their ability to bond and integrate with soft and hard tissues in the living body
K 1.2 These results show that the addition of cerium has a positive effect on the extra and intracellular environment that interacts with cellular stress defense mechanisms [48,49]
The elementary and mineralogical analyses indicate that all doped glasses are bioactive to a bioactivity assessment based on European directives

Summary

Introduction

Bioglasses are a class of biomaterials [1,2] widely used in bone defect regeneration for their ability to bond and integrate with soft and hard tissues in the living body. The first bioglass (45S5 Bioglass® ) was developed by Hench in 1969 [3] for bone regeneration. Kokubo glass, which shows comparable bioactivity concerning the 45S5 Bioglass® [4] These bioglasses were modified by the addition of other components chosen to improve their properties and produce specific effects in the biological environment after their physiological release [5,6,7]. The resulting glasses are bioactive and their behavior is comparable to Hench and Kokubo bioglasses Their properties are improved by functionalization with metallic nanoparticles and/or biomolecules and are adapted to the specific applications required (scaffolds, drug delivery systems, coatings) [17,18,19,20,21,22]

Methods

Results

Conclusion