Abstract
Abstract Background In recent years, the COVID–19 pandemic has led to a profound change in the epidemiological framework and incidence of cardiovascular diseases, as described in numerous reports. This condition can be attributed to various factors including reduction of hospitalizations for ACS (acute coronary syndrome) already widely discussed and documented, reduction of programmed cardiological follow–up and last but not least, the unfavorable effects of the lock–down period on life style and current health status of cardiac patients and the general population. The aim of our study was to evaluate how the characteristics of patients referred to our Cardiology Unit affected by ACS without elevation of the ST–T segment have changed in the post–pandemic phase. We analyzed the data fo the year 2022 and in particular the average age of incidence, the difference between the two sexes and the variation in the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors compared to 2021. The results showed an important reduction in the mean age of ACS incidence of about 2 years, a confirmed prevalence in males compared to females, a statistically significant increase in newly diagnosed dyslipidemia, especially in young patients, and the uncorrected primary prevention management of other cardiovascular risk factors. These data can be explained considering important changes in the lifestyle of the general population in terms of increased sedentary, poor eating habits during the pandemic phase and poor control of cardiovascular risk factors, also due to the absence of ambulatorial follow–up. Conclusions These data direct our future measures in the careful and punctual early correction of cardiovascular risk factors starting from outpatient visits, in primary prevention and in the optimization of therapy with aggressive correction of the pathologies encountered during the hospitalization and prevention phase secondary.
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