Abstract
Left atrial appendage exclusion devices may offer an alternative to standard therapy in AF patients with contraindications to anticoagulation. Currently, intra-procedural trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) and fluoroscopy are used to visualize the anatomy of the left atrial appendage and guide selection and placement of the device. This technique is limited in that the 2D representation of these structures may introduce error into the estimation of the orifice size and that TEE often requires general anesthesia.
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