P2‐163: Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical factors of a sample of mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

The pathophysiological process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is thought to begin many years before the diagnosis of clinical dementia. The long preclinical phase of AD provides an opportunity for potential intervention with disease-modifying therapy. So, it is substantial to identify patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) who have a greater risk to convert to AD. It is essential to identify the clinical demarcations between normal cognition and MCI and between MCI and dementia. The clinical judgment is important to make these distinctions.We conducted a prospective study to follow up individuals with MCI, with the objective of identifying demographic, clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimage and genetics factors possibly associated with the earlier diagnosis and conversion to AD. Here, we present our preliminary clinical results. Thirty seven amnestic MCI patients (73 ± 8 years old, 20 female, 17 male) were recruited from the Outpatients Clinic of Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. They we submitted to clinical, neuropsychological, laboratory and neuroimagem examination.We identified and analyzed the socio-demographics and vascular risk factors and analyzed the cognitive and functional tests. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS 17.0, using the χ 2-test, Mann-Whitney rank sum test and the one-way ANOVA. Our patients have low education level (mean: 4.71 years). The MCI diagnosis was made based in neuropsychological evaluation. The diagnosis of major depression, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were observed in a minor percentage of patients and 59.5% have hypertension. The perception of impairment was greater for families than for patients. In Table 1, we demonstrated the results of cognitive, functional, psychiatric and behavioral tests applied in geriatric evaluation. We observed a good score in Mini Mental Status Examination (24.42, S.D.: 2.89); no functional, behavioral or psychiatric significant changes. Even though, there is an important impairment in evocation on CERAD protocol (evocation: 3.17, S.D.:1.91) and a neighboring result in fluency test. Patients with MCI have less perception of their cognitive impairments. The most important change observed in clinical cognitive examination is the impairment of evocation. The basic and instrumental daily activities are preserved.