Abstract

PD-1/PD-L1 interaction affects various immune cells, including macrophage and dendritic cells, which play crucial roles in anti-cancer immunity. Early alteration of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, or CRP, which is a surrogate marker for IL-6, following anti-PD-1 antibody administration may represent activation of those cells and be related to the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment; however, these remain unexplored thus far.

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