Abstract
The macromolecular crystallography P13 beamline is part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Integrated Facility for Structural Biology at PETRA III (DESY, Hamburg, Germany) and has been in user operation since mid-2013. P13 is tunable across the energy range from 4 to 17.5 keV to support crystallographic data acquisition exploiting a wide range of elemental absorption edges for experimental phase determination. An adaptive Kirkpatrick-Baez focusing system provides an X-ray beam with a high photon flux and tunable focus size to adapt to diverse experimental situations. Data collections at energies as low as 4 keV (λ = 3.1 Å) are possible due to a beamline design minimizing background and maximizing photon flux particularly at low energy (up to 1011 photons s-1 at 4 keV), a custom calibration of the PILATUS 6M-F detector for use at low energies, and the availability of a helium path. At high energies, the high photon flux (5.4 × 1011 photons s-1 at 17.5 keV) combined with a large area detector mounted on a 2θ arm allows data collection to sub-atomic resolution (0.55 Å). A peak flux of about 8.0 × 1012 photons s-1 is reached at 11 keV. Automated sample mounting is available by means of the robotic sample changer `MARVIN' with a dewar capacity of 160 samples. In close proximity to the beamline, laboratories have been set up for sample preparation and characterization; a laboratory specifically equipped for on-site heavy atom derivatization with a library of more than 150 compounds is available to beamline users.
Highlights
In 2009, DESY completed the conversion of the 2.3 km-long PETRA ring, previously used as an injector for high-energy physics experiments on HERA, into a dedicated synchrotron radiation source with an emittance of 1.1 nm rad (Balewski et al, 2004)
On PETRA III, three beamlines for structural biology have been designed and constructed by EMBL Hamburg: P12 for small-angle X-ray scattering on solutions of biological macromolecules (SAXS) in sector 8, and P13 and P14 for macromolecular crystallography (MX) in sector 9
The beamlines are embedded in the ‘EMBL Integrated Facility for Structural Biology’ that provides instruments and support for the characterization, preparation and crystallization of samples (Boivin et al, 2016) for subsequent use in SAXS and/ or MX experiments
Summary
In 2009, DESY completed the conversion of the 2.3 km-long PETRA ring, previously used as an injector for high-energy physics experiments on HERA, into a dedicated synchrotron radiation source with an emittance of 1.1 nm rad (Balewski et al, 2004). On PETRA III, three beamlines for structural biology have been designed and constructed by EMBL Hamburg: P12 for small-angle X-ray scattering on solutions of biological macromolecules (SAXS) in sector 8, and P13 and P14 for macromolecular crystallography (MX) in sector 9. Enabling data collections at energies lower than 6 keV to enhance the anomalous signal measurable from sulfur and/or phosphorus atoms while maintaining high photon fluxes into small beam cross sections. The co-location of beamlines P13 and P14 on a pair of canted undulators in a relative short and narrow sector of the PETRA III synchrotron posed a number of technical challenges that needed to be addressed in design and construction. P13 was designed to exploit the unique properties of PETRA III in terms of low emittance and high energy for addressing challenging crystal structure determinations. In the design and during the commissioning of the beamline, particular attention was paid to
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