Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-18 in the blood are elevated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the influence of COPD on the differentiation and function of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are the dominant stromal component in the tumor microenvironment, remains to be elucidated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between degree of COPD and CAFs in NSCLC patients who had undergone the lung surgery.
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