Abstract
3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (α-chlorohydrin, 3-MCPD) is a well-known contaminant which has been detected in a wide range of foods and ingredients and is a suspected cause of cancer. In this study, we investigated the carcinogenicity of 3-MCPD in SD rats. Groups of 50 male and 50 female rats were exposed to drinking water containing 0, 25, 100, 400 ppm 3-MCPD for 2 years. Body weights and water consumption of male and female rats given 400 ppm were significantly lower than those of the controls. The incidences of renal tubule adenoma or carcinoma and Leydig cell tumor occurred with dose-related positive trends in male rats. The incidences of renal tubule carcinoma and Leydig cell tumor were significantly increased in 400 ppm males. Incidence of renal tubule adenoma had a positive trend in female rats, with the incidence being significant in 400 ppm group. In conclusion, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of 3-MCPD in male SD rats based on increased incidences of renal tubule carcinoma and Leydig cell tumor. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of 3-MCPD in female SD rats based on increased incidences of renal tubule adenoma.
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