Abstract
Introduction . GBS is an acute polyradiculoneuropathy typically presenting with sensory symptoms and weakness. Approximately 70% of patients report a recent preceding inflammation process. Investigators of large, worldwide, collaborative studies of the spectrum of GBS are accruing data for clinical databases to inform the development of outcome predictors and disease biomarkers. The low of serum albumin level, as the most abundant protein in plasma, may be related to acute systemic inflammatory reaction. In this study, we investigate the clinical characteristics and incidence of hypoalbuminemia in patients with GBS. Methods . We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of adult GBS, between 2014 to 2019, from medical record of the patients hospitalized at Dr.Sardjito Hospital, as central district hospital in Yogyakarta. Serum albumin concentration was determined before treatment. Results . There were 73 patients were enrolled in this study. We found that male was slightly more affected than female (53,4% vs 46,6%). The elderly patients (60 years) were less than adult non-elderly patients (19% vs 81%). The adult age varied from 18 year to 78 years. During hospitalization, the mean length of stay (LOS) were 24 days (range from 4 days to 154 days). The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.6% (7 of 73 patients), while 66 (90,4%) patients with GBS were alive at discharge. The mean day of death were 40 days, longer than the mean of LOS, indicating the complication during treatment may happened. Before treatment, the mean serum albumin level was 4.03 g/dL with hypoalbuminemia (albumin<3.5 g/dL) in 10 (14%) of 73 patients. Conclusion . The incidence of GBS decreased with age. The mortality may happen in long- term of hospital treatment. There is a low incidence of hypoalbuminemia in acute GBS. Further studies are required to confirm the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and the severity of clinical course in patients with GBS.
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