Abstract
Mesoporous silica constitutes a recent development in nanotechnology. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are promising drug delivery systems, raising great interest due to their excellent structural properties, such as high surface area, large pore volume, narrow pore size distribution, or tunable pore diameter. Several forms of MSNs exist according to their silica and surfactant content. The most common types of MSNs are Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (MCM-41) and Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15).This review gives a comprehensive account of the physicochemical properties of MSNs and describes the synthesis methods for controlling their properties and surface functionalization. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility studies are also described. Their significant potential as biocompatible and stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems aiming for site-specific delivery and intracellular controlled drug release is discussed. The significance of their application against melanoma is particularly emphasized, highlighting their importance in cancer therapy.
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