Abstract
TN - LCDs doped with metal nanoparticles such as Pd, Ag, or Ag/Pd, which are protected with ligand molecules such as nematic liquid crystal, exhibit a frequency modulation EO response with short response times of ms or sub-ms order. These devices are called FM-TN-LCDs. This approach is applicable to all the existing LCD modes. These phenomena are attributed to the Maxwell-Wagner effect of heterogeneous dielectrics. It is shown that the frequency range of the FM-LCD effect is almost centered by the dielectric relaxation frequency. We formulated an equivalent circuit theory and succeeded in explaining the dependence of the dielectric relaxation time and the dielectric strength on the concentration of the nanoparticles.
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