Pозрахункова математична модель руху частинок вороху при вібраційному очищенні картоплі від домішок

Abstract

Goal. To substantiate rational constructive and kinematic parameters of the V-shaped distributor of potato heap of the offered design of the combined digging and separating the working body of the potato harvester. Methods. Theoretical research was conducted using the basic principles of higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics. Numerical calculations and graphical dependencies are obtained using a PC based on developed and standard programs. Results. The movement of the potato heap on the wing surface of the V-shaped heap distributor in the process of its distribution over the entire width of the separating conveyor was studied. An equivalent scheme of interaction of the potato heap particle with the surface of the distributor wing is constructed, based on which differential equations of its motion on the specified surface are made, which take into account the main structural and kinematic parameters of the separating conveyor and V-like distributor. Based on the integration of this system of differential equations in quadratures, analytical expressions are obtained that describe the laws of change of velocity and displacement of potato heap particles in time at different values of structural and kinematic parameters of distributor and separating conveyor. Based on the obtained analytical expressions, calculations were performed on a PC and graphical dependences of the heap velocity along the distributor wing on time at different values of the angle of the distributor wings taking into account the oscillations of the separating conveyor blade were obtained. Conclusions. The allowable speed of movement of the heap along the wing of the distributor is determined, provided that the equality of supply of the heap to the distributor and its ascent from the distributor is maintained. The specified speed is 1.62 m·s–1. Analysis of graphical relationships shows that the speed of the heap along the wing of the distributor decreases with increasing angle of inclination of the wing. If the speed is reduced to less than the allowable value, the heap will be unloaded on the wings of the distributor, which will lead to a violation of the technological process of the potato harvester. With the allowable time of movement of the heap along the distributor wing, the maximum allowable values of the deflection of the distributor wing are in the range of 40–45°.