Abstract
AbstractAs utilities consider changing their primary disinfection practices from free chlorine to ozone to provide pathogen control while minimizing chlorinated disinfection by‐product (DBP) formation, the potential for producing ozonation DBPs like bromate ion must be addressed. This article focuses on the interactions, not only of molecular ozone and bromide ion, but also of radical species with bromide ion. The data evaluations include discussions of reaction products, potential for bromate ion formation, reaction kinetics, and the effect of various water quality parameters and treatment conditions on bromate ion formation. Based on evaluation of existing data, areas requiring new or intensified research efforts are identified.An additional aspect of this article is a presentation of most available data on the minimization of bromate ion formation during ozonation. A summary of bromate ion removal processes after ozonation has been incorporated.
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