Abstract
BackgroundTo facilitate infection, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, needs to degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by the host defense response via a mechanism that is mediated by the transcriptional regulator OxyR. The catalase (CAT) gene catB has previously been shown to belong to the OxyR regulon in Xoo. However, its expression patterns and function in H2O2 detoxification and bacterial pathogenicity on rice remain to be elucidated.ResultsThe catB gene encodes a putative catalase and is highly conserved in the sequenced strains of Xanthomonas spp. β-galactosidase analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) showed that OxyR positively regulated the transcription of catB by directly binding to its promoter region. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays revealed that the expression levels of catB and oxyR were significantly induced by H2O2. Deletion of catB or oxyR drastically impaired bacterial viability in the presence of extracellular H2O2 and reduced CAT activity, demonstrating that CatB and OxyR contribute to H2O2 detoxification in Xoo. In addition, ΔcatB and ΔoxyR displayed shorter bacterial blight lesions and reduced bacterial growth in rice compared to the wild-type stain, indicating that CatB and OxyR play essential roles in the virulence of Xoo.ConclusionsTranscription of catB is enhanced by OxyR in response to exogenous H2O2. CatB functions as an active catalase that is required for the full virulence of Xoo in rice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0887-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
To facilitate infection, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, needs to degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by the host defense response via a mechanism that is mediated by the transcriptional regulator OxyR
Identification, deletion and complementation of the catB gene It has been reported that catB is one of three putative catalases-encoding genes (catB (PXO_02830), katE (PXO_02109), and srpA (PXO_02864)) that are responsible for Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) degradation in the genome of Xoo wildtype strain PXO99A [29]
Sequence alignment analysis with experimentally validated active CATs, such as KatE from X. axonopodis pv. citri and KatA from Bacillus subtilis revealed that many critical residues in the catalase domain of CatB were probably conserved (Fig. 1b)
Summary
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, needs to degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by the host defense response via a mechanism that is mediated by the transcriptional regulator OxyR. Oryzae (Xoo), the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, needs to degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by the host defense response via a mechanism that is mediated by the transcriptional regulator OxyR. The catalase (CAT) gene catB has previously been shown to belong to the OxyR regulon in Xoo. its expression patterns and function in H2O2 detoxification and bacterial pathogenicity on rice remain to be elucidated. Bacteria maintain basal oxidative stress resistance, and possess a highly inducible oxidative stress response that is largely controlled by redox-sensing transcription factors which act as redox-operated genetic switches to activate genes involved in the oxidative stress response [5]. OxyR regulates the expression of genes involved in detoxification by binding to their promoter regions, triggering cellular responses to H2O2 [5, 9]
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